# Title: Clustering of Local Group distances: publication bias or
# correlated measurements? II. M31 and beyond
# Authors: Richard de Grijs, Giuseppe Bono
# Journal: The Astronomical Journal, 148, 17 (2014)
# Table: m31distbytracer.dat
#
# updated 27/01/2014
#
# Tracers covered separately: Cepheids; RR Lyrae; Red clump; TRGB;
# Main-sequence/CMD-feature fitting; Eclipsing binaries; Surface
# brightness fluctuations; GC Faber-Jackson relation; Tully-Fisher
# relation/galaxy dynamics and rotation; multiple calibrations; GCLF;
# Novae and supernovae; Size distribution of dark clouds; Luminosity
# index; Parallaxes; PNLF
#
# MM YYYY (m-M)0 Uncertainties References; notes
# Stat. Syst.
#
# Cepheids:
02 1922 22.3 0. # Hubble 1922 Pop Astron 22 Feb/Mar
00 1925 22.3 0.5 # Hubble 1925 Pop. Astron. 33 252/Hubble 1925 Obs 48 139
00 1929 21.6 0. # Hubble 1929 The Realm of the Nebulae, p. 134
03 1929 22.2 0. # Hubble 1929 ApJ 69 103; 275 kpc (no error)
09 1944 22.4 0. # Baade 1944 ApJ 100 137
00 1952 24.2 0. # Baade 1954 in Trans. IAU VIII (Rome 1952 meeting), Report of Commission 28 (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press), p. 397; referred to in Tammann et al. (2008)
00 1954 24.2 0. # Baade 1954 Mt Wilson Ann Rep
08 1955 23.3 0.3 # Humason & Wahlquist 1955 AJ 60 254; based on Baade (1944) with correction to the Cepheid distance scale
02 1956 24.2 0. # Baade 1956 PASP 68 5
11 1957 24.0 0.1 # Schmidt 1957 BAN 14 17
09 1963 24.20 0.14 # Baade & Swope 1963 AJ 68 435
08 1971 24.12 0.08 # Sandage & Tammann 1971 ApJ 167 293
04 1975 24.40 0.1 # Iben & Tuggle 1975 ApJ 197 39
11 1976 24.12 0.14 # Sandage & Tammann 1976 ApJ 210 7
08 1978 24.50 0.07 # de Vaucouleurs 1978 ApJ 223 730
00 1981 24.32 0. # Sandage & Tammann 1981 Revised Shapley-Ames Catalog
06 1986 24.26 0.08 # Welch et al. 1986 ApJ 305 583; H band
06 1988 24.2 0.0 # Mould 1988 ASPC 4 32; based on Baade & Swope (1963), using AV = 0.33 mag
12 1990 24.33 0.12 # Freedman & Madore 1990 ApJ 365 186; at R=3 kpc
12 1990 24.41 0.09 # Freedman & Madore 1990 ApJ 365 186; at R=10 kpc
12 1990 24.58 0.12 # Freedman & Madore 1990 ApJ 365 186; at R=20 kpc
05 1991 24.5 0.15 # Metcalfe & Shanks 1991 MNRAS 250 438
09 1991 24.44 0.10 # Madore & Freedman 1991 PASP 103 933
05 1994 24.57 0.05 # Gould 1994 ApJ 426 542; assuming DM0(LMC)=18.50 mag
06 1995 24.38 0.05 # Brewer et al. 1995 AJ 109 2480
12 1995 24.38 0.15 # Huterer et al. 1995 AJ 110 2705
03 1997 24.77 0.11 # Feast & Catchpole 1997 MNRAS 286 L1
08 2000 24.62 0. # Mochejska et al. 2000 AJ 120 810; 9% upward correction due to blending
03 2001 24.77 0.13 # Macri et al. 2001 ApJ 549 721; J band
03 2001 24.54 0.08 # Macri et al. 2001 ApJ 549 721; H band
03 2001 24.55 0.08 # Macri et al. 2001 ApJ 549 721; K band
05 2001 24.38 0.05 # Freedman et al. 2001 ApJ 553 47
02 2002 24.50 0.08 # Paturel et al. 2002 A&A 383 398
07 2002 24.47 0.23 # Paturel et al. 2002 A&A 389 19; ; syst. error ± 0.1
04 2003 24.49 0.11 # Joshi et al. 2003 A&A 402 113
07 2006 24.39 0.16 # Saha et al. 2006 ApJS 165 108
06 2007 24.41 0.10 # Rizzi et al. 2007 ApJ 661 815
10 2007 24.32 0.12 # Vilardell et al. 2007 A&A 473 847
05 2008 24.27 0.06 # Tammann et al. 2008 ApJ 679 52
12 2009 23.93 0.24 # Majaess et al. 2009 AcA 59 403; Type II
03 2010 24.41 0.37 # Joshi et al. 2010 A&A 512 A66; error: ± 0.21 ± 0.30 (zpt/photometric errors)
02 2012 24.38 0.06 # Riess et al. 2012, ApJ, 745, 156; error: ± 0.06 ± 0.03 (stat/syst)
#
# RR Lyrae:
08 1978 24.57 0.1 # de Vaucouleurs 1978 ApJ 223 730
00 1986 24.18 0.12 # Pritchet 1986 in: Galaxy distances and deviations from universal expansion, p. 35-39
00 1987 24.23 0.12 # Feast & Walker 1987 ARA&A 25 345
05 1987 24.34 0.15 # Pritchet & van den Bergh 1987 ApJ 316 517
00 1989 24.21 0.20 # Clementini & Cacciari 1989 IAU Coll. 111 255
05 1994 24.54 0.07 # Gould 1994 ApJ 426 542; assuming DM0(LMC)=18.50 mag
05 2004 24.5 0.1 # Brown et al. 2004 AJ 127 2738
02 2006 24.54 0.11 # Di Criscienzo et al. 2006 MNRAS 365 1357
02 2006 24.36 0.08 # Di Criscienzo et al. 2006 MNRAS 365 1357
02 2006 24.47 0.07 # Di Criscienzo et al. 2006 MNRAS 365 1357
02 2006 24.48 0.08 # Di Criscienzo et al. 2006 MNRAS 365 1357
02 2006 24.52 0.10 # Di Criscienzo et al. 2006 MNRAS 365 1357
05 2008 24.60 0.06 # Tammann et al. 2008 ApJ 679 52
07 2009 24.46 0.11 # Sarajedini et al. 2009 AJ 138 184
10 2009 24.52 0.08 # Clementini et al. 2009 ApJ 704 L103; B 154
01 2010 24.49 0.19 # Fiorentino et al. 2010 ApJ 708 817; field F2 = M31 disk
05 2011 24.49 0.17 # Jeffery et al. 2011, AJ, 141, 171; disk RR Lyrae, weighted avg of multiple calibrations
05 2011 24.48 0.15 # Jeffery et al. 2011, AJ, 141, 171; halo11 RR Lyrae, weighted avg of multiple calibrations
05 2011 24.36 0.40 # Jeffery et al. 2011, AJ, 141, 171; halo21 RR Lyrae, weighted avg of multiple calibrations
05 2011 24.38 0.27 # Jeffery et al. 2011, AJ, 141, 171; halo35b RR Lyrae, weighted avg of multiple calibrations
#
# Red clump:
08 1998 24.47 0.06 # Stanek & Garnavich 1998 ApJ 503 L131; (± 0.035 ± 0.045)
04 2005 24.45 0.05 # Ferguson et al. 2005 ApJ 622 L109; Shelf distance
01 2011 24.45 0.14 # Monachesi et al. 2011, ApJ, 727, 55
#
# TRGB:
09 1944 24.4 0. # Baade 1944 ApJ 100 137; TRGB at that time called "Baade's Sheet" (no error)
03 1984 24.3 0.2 # Mould et al. 1984 ApJ 278 575; AI = 0.11 mag; TRGB in NGC 205
06 1986 24.40 0.25 # Mould & Kristian 1986 ApJ 305 591; Population II giants
08 1988 24.23 0.15 # Pritchet & van den Bergh 1988 ApJ 331 135; halo red giants
10 1989 24.3 0.2 # Freedman 1989 AJ 98 1285
12 1994 24.4 0.2 # Morris et al. 1994 MNRAS 271 852
05 1995 24.5 0.2 # Couture et al. 1995 AJ 109 2050
07 1998 24.62 0.18 # Salaris & Cassisi 1998 MNRAS 298 166
02 2000 24.45 0.19 # Ferrarese et al. 2000 ApJ 529 745
05 2001 24.47 0.12 # Durrell et al. 2001 AJ 121 2557
06 2004 24.44 0.11 # Sakai et al. 2004 ApJ 608 42
01 2005 24.47 0.07 # McConnachie et al. 2005 MNRAS 356 979
07 2006 24.47 0.11 # Saha et al. 2006 ApJS 165 108
06 2007 24.47 0.06 # Rizzi et al. 2007 ApJ 661 815
10 2012 24.46 0.05 # Conn et al. 2012, ApJ, 758, 11
11 2013 24.24 0.09 # Dambis et al. 2013, MNRAS, 435, 3206; abstract; text: 24.201 ± 0.014 ± 0.090
#
# Main-sequence/CMD/SFH fitting:
05 1967 24.5 0.4 # Schmidt-Kaler 1967 AJ 72 526
06 1990 24.45 0.15 # Richer et al. 1990 ApJ 355 448; Carbon stars LF (assuming LMC DM0=18.45 mag)
06 1995 24.36 0.05 # Brewer et al. 1995 AJ 109 2480; C stars
09 1996 24.3 0.1 # Holland et al. 1996 AJ 112 1035
05 1998 24.47 0.07 # Holland 1998 AJ 115 1916; RGB isochrone fits
05 2000 24.50 0.18 # van den Bergh 2000 The Galaxies of the Local Group (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press) p. 44; based on Richer et al. (1990), but assuming DM0(LMC)=18.50 mag
09 2003 24.47 0.03 # Williams 2003 AJ 126 1312
06 2005 24.52 0.04 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo293
06 2005 24.53 0.23 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo311
06 2005 24.40 0.10 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo12
06 2005 24.20 0.15 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo338
06 2005 24.55 0.04 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo27
06 2005 24.35 0.04 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo58
06 2005 24.36 0.06 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo233
06 2005 24.60 0.20 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo240
06 2005 24.53 0.09 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo379
06 2005 24.43 0.12 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo384
06 2005 24.30 0.20 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo386
06 2005 24.46 0.09 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670
06 2005 24.57 0.04 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo6
06 2005 24.68 0.04 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo343
06 2005 24.55 0.04 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo45
06 2005 24.52 0.06 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo358
06 2005 24.53 0.13 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo225
06 2005 24.73 0.05 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo405
06 2005 24.48 0.04 # Rich et al. 2005 AJ 129 2670; Bo468
12 2006 24.42 0.15 # Mackey et al. 2006 ApJ 653 L105; EC1
12 2006 24.39 0.14 # Mackey et al. 2006 ApJ 653 L105; EC2
12 2006 24.47 0.14 # Mackey et al. 2006 ApJ 653 L105; EC3
12 2006 24.31 0.14 # Mackey et al. 2006 ApJ 653 L105; EC4
12 2009 24.47 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B008 = G060
12 2009 24.25 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B010 = G062
12 2009 24.40 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B220 = G275
12 2009 24.47 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B224 = G279
12 2009 24.40 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B255D
12 2009 24.39 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B366 = G291
12 2009 24.57 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B023 = G078
12 2009 24.41 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B088 = G150
12 2009 24.43 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B158 = G213
12 2009 24.40 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B225 = G280
12 2009 24.40 0.2 # Perina et al. 2009 A&A 507 1375; B407 = G352
08 2012 24.42 0.06 # Federici et al. 2012, A&A, 544, A155; main sequence fitting to M31's GC system
#
# Eclipsing binaries:
08 1962 25.0 0.8 # Gaposchkin 1962 AJ 67 358; 980 ± 350 kpc
08 1978 24.57 0. # de Vaucouleurs 1978 ApJ 223 730
12 2005 24.44 0.12 # Ribas et al. 2005 ApJ 635 L37; D = 772 ± 44 kpc
01 2010 24.30 0.11 # Vilardell et al. 2010 A&A 509 A70; individual object
01 2010 24.36 0.10 # Vilardell et al. 2010 A&A 509 A70; combined, incl. systematic error (± 0.08 ± 0.06)
12 2010 24.36 0.08 # Vilardell et al. 2010, ASP Conf., 435, 375; eclipsing binaries
#
# Surface-brightness fluctuations:
03 1996 24.56 0.12 # Ajhar et al. 1996 AJ 111 1110; I band
08 1997 24.39 0.049 # Ajhar et al. 1997 AJ 114 626; I band
02 2000 24.46 0.14 # Ferrarese et al. 2000 ApJ 529 745; I band
02 2000 24.84 0.15 # Ferrarese et al. 2000 ApJ 529 745; F814W
02 2000 24.56 0.14 # Ferrarese et al. 2000 ApJ 529 745; K' band
01 2001 24.40 0.08 # Tonry et al. 2001 ApJ 546 681; I band
09 2002 24.36 0.08 # Ciardullo et al. 2002 ApJ 577 31
06 2007 24.37 0.05 # Rizzi et al. 2007 ApJ 661 815; I band
#
# GC Faber-Jackson relation:
02 1992 24.4 0.2 # Paturel & Garnier 1992 A&A 254 93; AV = 0.33 mag
01 1999 24.12 0.45 # Di Nella-Courtois et al. 1999 MNRAS 302 587
#
# Tully-Fisher relation/galaxy dynamics and rotation:
05 1922 10.9 0. # Jeans 1922 Halley lecture p. 192, referred to in Jeans (1925); 5000 ly using van Maanen rotation speeds
06 1922 23.3 0. # Oepik 1922 ApJ 55 406; 450 kpc
10 1954 23.4 0. # Wilson 1954 AJ 59 334
03 1992 24.48 0.3 # Pierce & Tully 1992 ApJ 387 47
#
# GCLF:
10 1997 24.03 0.23 # Ostriker & Gnedin 1997 ApJ 487 667
02 2000 24.34 0.30 # Ferrarese et al. 2000 ApJ 529 745
#
# Novae and SNe:
04 1923 25.6 0. # Lundmark 1923 PASP 35 95; 4,300,000 ly
06 1925 23.2 0. # Lundmark 1925 MNRAS 85 865 + references therein (p. 878 // 14); 1,400,000 ly
10 1938 22.2 0. # Baade 1938 ApJ 88 285; based on SN 1885 = S Andr max brightness
08 1978 24.36 0.15 # de Vaucouleurs 1978 ApJ 223 730
05 1985 24.04 0.20 # Cohen 1985 ApJ 292 90
05 1988 24.33 0.22 # Sandage & Tammann 1988 ApJ 328 1
06 1989 24.27 0.20 # Capaccioli et al. 1989 AJ 97 1622
00 1990 24.0 0.15 # de Vaucouleurs 1990 unpublished; see de Vaucouleurs 1993 ApJ 415 10
#
# PNLF:
04 1989 24.36 0.11 # Ciardullo et al. 1989 ApJ 339 53
12 1993 24.46 0.06 # Ciardullo et al. 1993 ApJ 419 479
02 2000 24.45 0.13 # Ferrarese et al. 2000 ApJ 529 745
#
# Size distribution of dark clouds:
00 1982 24.31 0.20 # Osman et al. 1982 AN 303 329
#
# Luminosity index
02 1979 24.23 0. # de Vaucouleurs 1979 ApJ 227 729
#
# Parallaxes:
10 1918 7.0 5. # van Maanen 1918 PASP 30 307; parallax = 0.004 ± 0.005 arcsec + reference to earlier work
10 1919 21.2 0. # Lundmark 1919 AN 209 378; parallax 0.0000057 arcsec
04 1922 18.6 1.4 # Luplau-Janssen & Haarh 1922 AN 215 285; parallax 0.000019 arcsec, improved to 0.0000100 arcsec
#
# Combined:
00 1969 24.10 0.14 # van den Bergh 1969 in Stars and Stellar Systems 9, p. 525
00 1976 24.00 0.11 # van den Bergh 1976 IAU Coll. 37 13
08 1978 24.07 0.16 # de Vaucouleurs 1978 ApJ 223 730
10 1991 24.3 0.1 # van den Bergh 1991 PASP 103 1053; multiple calibrations
02 2000 24.51 0.06 # Ferrarese et al. 2000 ApJ 529 745
11 2006 24.39 0.08 # Vilardell et al. 2006 A&A 459 321
10 2010 24.45 0.07 # Harris et al. 2010 PASA 27 457